Automation and control system with context awareness

ABSTRACT

An automation system is disclosed in which a system controller has access to the signals transmitted by each sensor device that is relevant to the environment being controlled. Each sensor device monitors a particular physical condition, senses changes in the condition being monitored, and reports states of the condition, which is made available to the system controller. Meanwhile, the system controller memorizes and maintains the states of various processing events, such as when a sensor device reported a particular state of the condition that the sensor monitors. By considering the information reported by the various and multiple sensor devices, as well as by accounting for the memorized states corresponding to the various events, the system controller is able to generate and continually update a representation of the state of the controlled environment. Having such context awareness enables the design and implementation of sophisticated reasoning logic and conditional logic.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The underlying concepts, but not necessarily the language, of thefollowing case is incorporated herein by reference:

-   -   (1) U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/890,937, filed Oct. 15,        2013.        If there are any contradictions or inconsistencies in language        between this application and one or more of the cases that have        been incorporated by reference that might affect the        interpretation of the claims in this application, the claims in        this application should be interpreted to be consistent with the        language in this application.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to building automation and control ingeneral, and, more particularly, to a centralized controller providingautomation and control.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Home automation and control refers to the use of computer andinformation technology to control home systems, such as lighting;heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC); audio-visual; smokedetection; security; and shading. Using specialized hardware, evenhousehold appliances such as coffeemakers can be monitored andcontrolled automatically. A feature of science fiction for many years,home automation has only recently become practical, both from atechnological and cost perspective. This is due to the rapid advancementof information technology.

A home automation and control system (hereinafter “home automationsystem”) in the prior art includes i) sensor devices configured tomonitor conditions such as temperature, light, motion detection, and soon, ii) actuator devices to control devices such as motorized valves,switches, and so on, and iii) some control logic. The system alsoincludes a human-machine interface device that enables someone, such asa resident of the home or an occupant of a building, to interact withthe system. The interface is typically a specialized, dedicated terminalsuch as a kinetic device, or an application (“app”) running on asmartphone or tablet computer. The various sensor, actor, and interfacedevices communicate over dedicated wiring, or over a wired network, orwirelessly, using one or more protocols.

The sensor devices that are present in a home automation systemtypically include one or more of the following:

-   -   i. a motion detection sensor to detect and report the motion        and/or presence of humans.    -   ii. a temperature sensor to detect and report ambient        temperature.    -   iii. a light sensor to detect and report light level.    -   iv. an air humidity sensor to detect and report humidity level.    -   v. a carbon dioxide sensor to detect and report carbon dioxide        level.    -   vi. a carbon monoxide sensor to detect and report carbon        monoxide level.    -   vii. a flood (water) sensor to detect and report the presence of        water.    -   viii. a rain sensor to detect and report whether it is raining        outside.

A home automation system having one or more of the aforementioned sensordevices present is able to trigger certain events, such as turning onlights with motion detection, controlling HVAC systems, and so on.

Most home automation systems in the prior art are based on peer-to-peernetwork architectures that include the sensor and actor devicesmentioned earlier. Sensor devices transmit information, such that actordevices can act on the information transmitted. The actor devices act onthe information gathered and transmitted by the sensor devices. Forexample, a sensor detects motion, propagates this information such thata light module receives it, which module turns on electrical current toa light bulb as a result.

There are two primary classes of home automation systems in the priorart. In a first home automation system in the prior art, depicted inFIG. 1A, each sensor device communicates directly with a particularactor or actors. The actor device does not analyze the information itgets, rather it merely responds to it. The entire logic is in the sensordevice, in terms of which actor or actors should the sensor devicetrigger, for how long, on what condition, and so on. A particularexample of this class of automation systems is based on Z-Wave™ radiotechnology, widely used in home installations, in which the sensorsdevices are thermostats, motion sensors, and wall switches, and theactor devices are typically actuators that affect the flow of electricalcurrent, such as to a light bulb and so on.

In a second home automation system in the prior art, depicted in FIG.1B, each sensor device broadcasts its signal, but does not know who therecipient of the signal is. Each actor device monitoring for signalsthat are being broadcast by sensor devices is programmed to listen tospecific events from specific sensor devices. Most of the control logicin this class of automation systems is in the actor device, in contrastto the sensor device as in the system depicted in FIG. 1A. A particularexample of this class of automation systems is based on EnOcean™ radiotechnology, in which the wireless sensor is powered by the physicalforce of pushing a button or by another energy-harvesting approach.

Both of the aforementioned systems are peer-to-peer, in that there is noprocessing entity between sensor devices and actor devices. Allpeer-to-peer systems can be equipped with so-called gateways, which areusually equipped with computer network connectivity, such as throughwired Ethernet or wireless Wi-Fi, and are generally Internet protocol-(IP-) based. At the same time, a peer-to-peer gateway usually has aradio module dedicated to a particular system, such as a Z-Wave™-to-IPgateway or an EnOcean™-to-IP gateway.

A peer-to-peer gateway in a home automation context realizes twofunctions. First, it enables IP-connected devices to interact with aradio network; for example, it can use a smartphone to turn on thelights in a Z-Wave™-based system. And second, it enables the managementof more than one actor device, in the form of “scenes” (e.g., lightscenes, etc.), and coordinates multiple actors operating together,albeit by sending individual commands or multicast commands out tomultiple actors.

However, such a peer-to-peer gateway is limited in that it is not anintegral part of the communication amongst sensor and actor devices,because it merely monitors the communications traffic and, if necessary,intervenes and sends its own commands.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention enables the orchestration of multiple actordevices within a home automation system, based in part on signalsreceived from multiple sensor devices co-located with the home. Suchorchestration coordinates functions performed by the actor deviceswithin a home, and at a level that is inherently not possible in atleast some automation systems in the prior art. The orchestrationdisclosed herein is made possible by introducing a centralized, systemcontroller that is capable of interacting with multiple sensor and actordevices, and by providing the system controller with context awarenessof the operating states of the home.

In the disclosed automation system, the system controller has access tothe signals transmitted by each sensor device that is relevant to theenvironment being controlled. Each sensor device monitors a particularphysical condition, senses changes in the condition being monitored, andreports states of the condition, which is made available to the systemcontroller. Meanwhile, the system controller memorizes and maintains thestates of various processing events, such as when a sensor devicereported a particular state of the condition that the sensor monitors.By considering the information reported by the various and multiplesensor devices, as well as by accounting for the memorized statescorresponding to the various events, the system controller is able togenerate and continually update a representation of the state of thecontrolled home environment, thereby becoming and remaining contextaware. Having such context awareness enables the design andimplementation of sophisticated reasoning logic and conditional logic.

The following example demonstrates the utility and advantage of havingsuch logic present in a home automation system. As part of the example,a home is equipped with windows that can be opened and closed by using aremote control, which is a feature that is already exists in the priorart. The home is further equipped with a rain sensor accessory thatcloses the window when it rains, but it never opens on its own; thisrain sensor also exists in the prior art. The feature of never openingon its own exists because the resident of the home might, at some point,leave the home; for security reasons, the resident would not want thewindow to re-open merely based on whether the rain sensor device sensesthat the rain has stopped.

Continuing with the example, in order to make an intelligent decision toautomatically open a window, one needs to know about the state of thehome. The state of the home might be based on knowing if people are inthe home, if it is not too cold outside, if a home alarm is not armed,if the window was open previously before started raining, and so on.When a state representation of the home can be generated and updatedwhen necessary, it is then possible to command a window motor to openits window only when list of specific conditions is met. To make suchconditional behavior possible, the system controller of the illustrativeembodiment is provided, which receives information from multiple sensordevices, including the rain sensor and motion sensors, and controls theactions of multiple actor devices, including the window motor.

By having a context awareness that includes the current up-to-date stateof the controlled environment, the system controller in the foregoingexample can execute a variety of algorithms to perform variousfunctions. For example, the system controller can command a window motoractor device to open a window only if:

-   -   i. the rain was short, as sensed by a rain sensor in combination        with maintaining a memorized state of whether rain has been        sensed by the sensor within the past 10 minutes; and    -   ii. it is still warm outside, as sensed by an outdoor        temperature sensor; and    -   iii. people are still inside the house, as sensed by motion        detection sensors.

At a casual glance, the system controller of the illustrative embodimentmight appear to be similar to a peer-to-peer gateway in the prior art.However, the system controller functions fundamentally differently thansuch a gateway. The system controller is an intermediary in asensor-controller-actor system, so there is no need for directcommunication between a sensor device and an actor device (although suchcommunication is not precluded) and, in fact, the controller processesinformation based on programmed logic and decides how to act on thisinformation.

In accordance with an illustrative embodiment, the disclosed automationsystem is an automation system in a home. As those who are skilled inthe art will appreciate after reading this specification, however, thedisclosed automation system can be applied to any type of building,including the environment surrounding the building, or to anyenvironment in which automated control can be applied.

An illustrative method for controlling automation of a buildingcomprises: receiving, by a server computer, one or more input signalvalues from each of a plurality of sensor devices associated with thebuilding, including a surrounding environment thereof, wherein theplurality of sensor devices comprises at least a first sensor device anda second sensor device, and wherein the received input signal valuescomprise: a) a first input signal value received from the first sensordevice, wherein the first input signal value of the first sensor deviceis of a first plurality of possible input signal values, and b) a firstinput signal value received from the second sensor device, wherein thefirst input signal value of the second sensor device is of a secondplurality of possible input signal values; generating, by the servercomputer: a): a first decision, of a plurality of decisions, wherein thefirst decision is based on: i) the first input signal value from thefirst sensor device, ii) the first input signal value from the secondsensor device, and iii) a memorized state of at least one processingevent, and b) a first message designated for a first actor deviceassociated with the building, wherein the first message is based on thefirst decision; and transmitting, by the server computer, the firstmessage to the first actor device.

An illustrative building automation controller comprises: a receiverconfigured to receive one or more input signal values from each of aplurality of sensor devices associated with a building, including asurrounding environment thereof, wherein the plurality of sensor devicescomprises at least a first sensor device and a second sensor device, andwherein the received input signal values comprise: a) a first inputsignal value received from the first sensor device, wherein the firstinput signal value of the first sensor device is of a first plurality ofpossible input signal values, and b) a first input signal value receivedfrom the second sensor device, wherein the first input signal value ofthe second sensor device is of a second plurality of possible inputsignal values; a processor configured to generate: a): a first decision,of a plurality of decisions, wherein the first decision is based on: i)the first input signal value from the first sensor device, ii) the firstinput signal value from the second sensor device, and iii) a memorizedstate of at least one processing event, and b) a first messagedesignated for a first actor device associated with the building,wherein the first message is based on the first decision; and atransmitter configured to transmit the first message to the first actordevice.

An illustrative building automation system comprises: a first sensordevice that is configured to monitor a first physical condition and totransmit wirelessly input signal values that are based on the firstphysical condition being monitored, wherein the first sensor device isassociated with a building, including a surrounding environment thereof;and a controller that is configured: a) to receive wirelessly the inputsignal values from the first sensor device, wherein the received inputsignal values comprise a input signal value received from the firstsensor device, wherein the input signal value of the first sensor deviceis of a plurality of possible input signal values, b) to generate afirst decision, of a plurality of decisions, wherein the first decisionis based on both the input signal value from the first sensor device anda memorized state of at least one processing event, c) to transmit afirst message, wherein the first message is based on the first decision.

An illustrative non-transitory computer-accessible medium comprisingprogram instructions is disclosed, wherein the program instructions arecomputer-executable to: receive one or more input signal values fromeach of a plurality of sensor devices associated with a building,including a surrounding environment thereof, wherein the plurality ofsensor devices comprises at least a first sensor device and a secondsensor device, and wherein the received input signal values comprise: a)a first input signal value received from the first sensor device,wherein the first input signal value of the first sensor device is of afirst plurality of possible input signal values, and b) a first inputsignal value received from the second sensor device, wherein the firstinput signal value of the second sensor device is of a second pluralityof possible input signal values; 2) generate: a): a first decision, of aplurality of decisions, wherein the first decision is based on: i) thefirst input signal value from the first sensor device, ii) the firstinput signal value from the second sensor device, and iii) a memorizedstate of at least one processing event, and b) a first messagedesignated for a first actor device associated with the building,wherein the first message is based on the first decision; and 3)transmit the first message to the first actor device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A and 1B depict home automation systems in the prior art.

FIG. 2 depicts automation system 200, in accordance with an illustrativeembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 depicts the salient components of system controller 202 accordingto an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 depicts an illustrative floor plan of building 400 and asurrounding environment of the building.

FIG. 5 depicts some salient operations of method 500 according to anillustrative embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 depicts some salient sub-operations within operation 501.

FIG. 7 depicts some salient sub-operations within operation 503.

FIG. 8 depicts some salient sub-operations within operation 505.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 2 depicts automation system 200, in accordance with an illustrativeembodiment of the present invention. System 200 comprises: sensordevices 201-1 through 201-M, wherein M is a positive integer; systemcontroller 202; and actor devices 203-1 through 203-N, wherein N is apositive integer. The aforementioned elements are interconnected asshown and, as depicted, are physically distinct devices with respect toone another.

In accordance with an illustrative embodiment, automation system 200 isan automation system in the home. As those who are skilled in the artwill appreciate after reading this specification, however, automationsystem 200 can be applied to any type of building, including theenvironment surrounding the building, or to any environment in whichautomated control can be applied.

Sensor device 201-m, wherein m has a value between 1 and M, inclusive,is an apparatus that comprises memory, processing components, andcommunication components, and is configured to transmit signalsproviding sensor-related information, as discussed in detail below. Inaccordance with an illustrative embodiment, each sensor device 201-mcomprises one or more sensor components, wherein each sensor gathersinformation about the environment that is accessible by the sensordevice. At least some of the sensor devices are co-located with building400, including its surrounding environment, while at least some of thesensor devices might be merely relevant to building 400.

Each sensor device is configured to monitor a particular physicalcondition in well-known fashion. A sensor senses a change in thecondition being monitored and is configured to report a state of thecondition by providing input signals (i.e., from system controller 202'sperspective), wherein the values of the input signals are representativeof the states being reported. A given sensor device 201-m can reportdiscrete input signal values and/or a continuum of states and can reportstates at particular times and/or continuously. For example and withoutlimitation, sensor device 201-m can comprise one or more of thefollowing sensor components:

-   -   i. a motion detection sensor (e.g., a Passive InfraRed [PIR]        element, etc.) to detect and report the motion and/or presence        of humans. For example, the reported state might be “motion        detected” or “motion not detected”.    -   ii. a temperature sensor to detect and report ambient        temperature. For example, the reported state might be a        temperature value.    -   iii. a light (luminescence) sensor to detect and report light        level (e.g., ambient level, etc.). For example, the reported        state might be a light-level value.    -   iv. a touch sensor to wake up and/or trigger other sensors,        particularly those with a higher power draw (e.g.,        accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.). This sensor can report a touch        event to trigger various actions when touched. This sensor can        also be used as a protection against theft of a sensor device;        for example, the system may sound an alarm when sensor device        201-m is touched or moved. For example, the reported state might        be “contact detected” or “contact not detected”.    -   v. an accelerometer (e.g., single-axis, multi-axis, etc.) sensor        to detect and report position/orientation (e.g., incline, etc.)        and other motion-related events (e.g., taps, bumps, etc.). For        example, the reported state might be an orientational value        and/or a positional value.    -   vi. a gyroscope (e.g., single-axis, multi-axis, etc.) to detect        and report motion (e.g., shifts, turns, etc.). For example, the        reported state might be a translational motion value and/or a        rotational motion value.    -   vii. an air humidity sensor to detect and report humidity level,        for the purpose of controlling A/C, fans, and so on. For        example, the reported state might be a humidity value.    -   viii. a carbon dioxide sensor to detect and report carbon        dioxide level, for the purpose of controlling A/C, ventilation,        and so on. For example, the reported state might be a carbon        dioxide level value.    -   ix. a carbon monoxide sensor to detect and report carbon        monoxide level, for the purpose of providing a security/safety        alarm function. For example, the reported state might be a        carbon monoxide level value.    -   x. a (natural) gas sensor to detect and report gas, for the        purpose of providing a security/safety alarm function. For        example, the reported state might be a gas level value.    -   xi. a flood (water) sensor to detect and report the presence of        water, implemented with exposed contact electrodes, for example.        For example, the reported state might be “water detected” or        “water not detected”.    -   xii. a rain sensor to detect and report whether it is raining        outside. For example, the report state might be “raining” or        “not raining”.    -   xiii. a radio beacon receiver. In some embodiments of the        present invention, device 201-m can be moved around;        accordingly, device 201-m is configured to be able to determine        and report its location (e.g., relative location, absolute        location, etc.) via receiving one or more radiolocation beacons.        In some embodiments, the device can detect the proximity of        other radio location beacon sources such as smart buttons, key        fobs, mobile stations emitting beacon signals, and so on.    -   xiv. a real-time clock that can be used in conjunction with        geolocation information to compute the position of the Sun,        making device 201-m aware of the outside light level (e.g., day        versus night, etc.), which the device can report on.    -   xv. an electronic compass. For example, the reported state might        be a static “heading” of the sensor device.    -   xvi. a sensor that is worn or carried by a person (e.g., a        Jawbone Up24™ bracelet, etc.), which detects and reports a        condition of the person or of the person's immediate        environment. An advantage of using such a sensor associated with        a person is that can provide a more direct indication of a        human-related activity occurring within a building than other        sensors associated with the building. Moreover, a sensor        associated with a particular person is able to monitor the pace        of the particular individual.    -   xvii. virtual “sensor” such as, but not limited to, a web-based        service that monitors and reports on one or more environmental        conditions, including reports comprising predictions of the        future states of one or more of the conditions being monitored.        For example, a temperature “sensor” can be a weather-forecasting        web service that provides a forecast of a future temperature,        future air quality, future cloud cover, future precipitation,        and so on.

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisdisclosure, sensor device 201-m can provide a different function thanthose described above. Furthermore, sensor device 201-m can comprise anycombination of and any number of sensor components, possibly includingsome or all of the sensor components listed above.

System controller 202 is an apparatus that comprises memory, processingcomponents, and communication components. Controller 202 isillustratively a server computer. Controller 202 executes andcoordinates the actions to be taken by one or more actor devices 203-1through 203-N, based on i) the input signals received from one or moresensor devices 201-1 through 201-M and ii) one or more memorized statesof at least one processing event. In particular, controller 202 receivesinformation about the states of sensor devices 201-1 through 201-M and,in some embodiments, of actor devices 203-1 through 203-N, maintains inmemory the states of various processing events (e.g., predeterminedsequences of various input signal values, the time since a last instanceof a predetermined input signal value was received, other events thatreflect changes in states reported by the sensor devices, etc.). Systemcontroller 202 is described in more detail below and in FIG. 3.

In accordance with the illustrative embodiment, system controller 202telecommunicates wirelessly with the other depicted devices (i.e.,sensor devices and actor devices). It will clear to those skilled in theart, however, after reading the present disclosure, how to make use anduse various embodiments of the present invention in which controller 202telecommunicates via physical media (e.g., cable, wire, etc.) to one ormore of the other devices, either in addition to or instead ofwirelessly.

In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, systemcontroller 202 might not be a physically distinct device per se, insteadits functionality might be embodied in one or more of the sensor devicesand/or actor devices, or might be cloud-based outside of the buildingbeing controlled.

Actor device 203-n, wherein n is equal to 1 through N, inclusive, is anapparatus that comprises memory, processing components, andcommunication components, and is capable of doing something in thecourse of being affected by signals originating from one or more sensordevices 201-1 through 201-M and processed by system controller 202, asdiscussed in detail below. In accordance with an illustrativeembodiment, each actor device 203-n takes decisions that are based onsignals from one or more sensor devices, as processed by systemcontroller 202, and performs appropriate actions upon the actor'senvironment. Each actor device acts upon its environment in well-knownfashion. In some embodiments, an actor device is or comprises anactuator, as is known in the art.

Actor device 203-n is configured to receive, transmit, process, and/orrelay signals conveying data, as well as being configured to affect acondition, physical or otherwise, in its environment. For example andwithout limitation, the condition being affected can be:

-   -   i. lighting, which can be adjusted (e.g., turning on or off,        changing color or mood, displaying a picture or pattern, etc.).    -   ii. sound, which can be adjusted (e.g., increasing or decreasing        volume, changing playlist or mood, turning on/off, selecting        signal source, etc.).    -   iii. room climate, which can be controlled (e.g., increasing or        decreasing temperature, humidity, air fragrance, etc.).    -   iv. an alert, which can be generated (e.g., of an email, of an        SMS message, etc.).    -   v. monitoring by a camera, which can be panned or tilted.    -   vi. home entertainment/home cinema settings (e.g., selecting one        or more of signal source, streaming application, multimedia to        play, audio language, subtitles, chapter, play/pause/stop,        rewind/fast forward, etc.).    -   vii. connected/smart TV features (e.g., selecting application to        be launched, navigating through on-screen menus, etc.).    -   viii. virtual keyboard—navigation on virtual keyboard displayed        by other device (e.g., TV, set-top box, etc.).    -   ix. control of shades/window coverings.    -   x. access control (e.g., unlocking/locking doors,        opening/shutting doors, authorizing access to selected rooms or        zones, etc.).

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisdisclosure, actor device 203-n can be in a variety of forms, such as alight bulb as part of a lighting system, a media player as part of anaudio/video system, a heater as part of an environment control system,an outgoing-email server as part of a messaging system, an actor in awater sprinkler system, a robot or robotic arm, a pan/tilt camera, aswitch, a motor, a servo mechanism, and so on.

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisspecification, actor device 203-n may or may not have additionalfunctions and components, such as i) a sensing component (e.g., awashing machine that can be remotely controlled and reports its stateand parameters, etc.), and/or ii) a controlling component (e.g. a lightbulb unit having a controller is directly controlled from sensor device,etc.).

FIG. 3 depicts the salient components of system controller 202 accordingto an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. According to theillustrative embodiment, system controller 202 is based on adata-processing apparatus whose hardware platform comprises: processor301, memory 302, and radio component 303.

Processor 301 is a processing device, such as a microprocessor that iswell known in the art. In accordance with an illustrative embodiment,processor 301 comprises a Freescale iMX28 SoC (ARM-based) processor; insome alternative embodiments, however, processor 301 comprises adifferent type of processor. Processor 301 is configured such that, whenoperating in conjunction with the other components of system controller202, processor 301 executes software, processes data, andtelecommunicates according to the operations described herein.

Processor 301 is configured to handle both:

-   -   i. combinatorial logic, whose output is a function of only the        present input (e.g., input signal values from sensor devices        201-1 through 201-M, etc.), and    -   ii. sequential logic, whose output depends also on the past        history of the inputs.

In handling sequential logic, processor 301 memorizes (e.g., stores intomemory 302, etc.) certain events, states, results, and so on, for futureuse. In doing so, processor 301 maintains one or more memorized statesof processing events, including the points in time when they occurred.In the sequential logic performed by processor 301, the internal,memorized state information may be processed and changed. For example, amotion sensor device has been tripped, resulting in controller 202turning on the lights in the kitchen for five minutes. Because processor301 executes a synchronous logic that is clocked at 50 Hz, five minutesequates to 50×60×5 clock ticks, or 15000 ticks. A counter is set up at15000, and at every tick cycle the counter is decremented by 1. When thecounter reaches zero, controller 202 turn the lights off. Then, if themotion sensor device is tripped again during the countdown time (e.g., aperson is still in the kitchen and moves), the counter is reset to 15000and continues to be decremented at every clock cycle.

Because processor 301 handles both kinds of logic, the decision logic ofthe illustrative embodiment is based not only on real-time inputinformation from sensors (i.e., related to combinational logic) but alsoon some memorized state of the logic (i.e., related to sequentiallogic). The memorized state comprises information on processing eventsthat occurred in the past and, at least for some events, the times atwhich they occurred.

The scenario of a double-click, triple-click, or long-click sensordetection is also handled by system controller 202. A pushbutton sensordevice generates and reports only the two basic states of “pressed” and“released.” It is up to the sequential logic of processor 301 to recordthese received states and their times of occurrences as processingevents, and decide whether a particular sequence qualifies as a doubleclick. For example, a double-click sequence can be predetermined ascomprising a press-release-press-release cycle occurring within twoseconds. In order to determine whether a double click has occurred,processor 301 needs not only to receive the current input signal value(i.e., signifying “pressed”), but must also consider the memorized stateof whether there have been any past input signal values (i.e.,signifying “presses” or “releases”) received within the past twoseconds, or whatever the predetermined time interval is.

The foregoing example applies to other combinations of input signalvalues and memorized states of processing events, as those who areskilled in the art will appreciate after reading this specification. Asanother example of its sequential logic, processor 301 tracks which oftwo motion-sensor detectors in a hallway has been tripped most recently,in order to infer a direction of movement through the hallway.

Memory 302 is non-transitory and non-volatile computer storage memorytechnology that is well known in the art (e.g., flash memory, etc.).Memory 302 is configured to store operating system 311, applicationsoftware 312, and database 313. The operating system is a collection ofsoftware that manages, in well-known fashion, controller 202's hardwareresources and provides common services for computer programs, such asthose that constitute the application software. In accordance with anillustrative embodiment, operating system 311 is Linux-based; in somealternative embodiments, however, operating system 311 is based on adifferent platform. The application software that is executed byprocessor 301 according to the illustrative embodiment enablescontroller 202 to perform the functions disclosed herein. Database 313comprises information about each sensor device, each actor device, andtheir relationships with each other; environmental information; valuesof one or more building states; values of one or more activitiesoccurring at a building; and so on.

It will be clear to those having ordinary skill in the art how to makeand use alternative embodiments that comprise more than one memory 302;or comprise subdivided segments of memory 302; or comprise a pluralityof memory technologies that collectively store the operating system,application software, and database.

Radio component 303 is configured to enable multi-sensor device 201-m totelecommunicate with other devices and systems by receiving signalstherefrom and/or transmitting signals thereto, in well-known fashion, byusing receiver part 321 and transmitter part 322, respectively. Forexample, radio component 303 communicates with each sensor device 201-mand each actor device 203-n. Radio component 303 communicates via one ormore radio telecommunications protocols such as, but not limited to,Z-Wave, ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and so on. In some embodiments, radiocomponent 303 comprises a built-in Bluetooth Smart radio transceiver.

Receiver part 321 is a component that enables system controller 202 totelecommunicate with other components and systems by receiving signalsthat convey information therefrom. It will be clear to those havingordinary skill in the art how to make and use alternative embodimentsthat comprise more than one receiver part 321.

Transmitter part 322 is a component that enables system controller 202to telecommunicate with other components and systems by transmittingsignals that convey information thereto. It will be clear to thosehaving ordinary skill in the art how to make and use alternativeembodiments that comprise more than one transmitter part 322.

In accordance with the illustrative embodiment, system controller 202uses radio component 303 in order to telecommunicate wirelessly withexternal devices. It will clear to those skilled in the art, however,after reading the present disclosure, how to make use and use variousembodiments of the present invention in which system controller 202communicates via a wired protocol (e.g., X10, KNX, etc.) over physicalmedia (e.g., cable, wire, etc.) with one or more external devices,either in addition to or instead of the wireless capability provided byradio component 303.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art, after reading the presentdisclosure, that in some alternative embodiments the hardware platformof system controller 202 can be embodied as a multi-processor platform,as a sub-component of a larger computing platform, as a virtualcomputing element, or in some other computing environment—all within thescope of the present invention. It will be clear to those skilled in theart, after reading the present disclosure, how to make and use thehardware platform for system controller 202.

FIG. 4 depicts an illustrative floor plan of building 400 and asurrounding environment of the building. Building 400 is equipped withsensor devices 201-1 through 201-13, system controller 202, and actordevices 203-1 through 203-14. For the purpose of this specification, andthe appended claims, the term “building,” and its infected forms, isdefined as a structure with a roof and walls, such as a house, a school,a store, a factory, an apartment complex, an office complex, a corporateoffice, and so on—for example and without limitation. A building mightcomprise one or more “dwellings,” such as a house, an apartment, orother place of residence. Furthermore, the environment surrounding thebuilding might include a strip of land running adjacent to the building,a yard or other property within which the building is situated, astreet, a municipal area, and so on—for example and without limitation.

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisspecification, building 400 can comprise different numbers of sensordevices, system controllers, and/or actor devices than those depicted.Furthermore, building 400 as depicted is a house, but as those who areskilled in the art will appreciate, after reading this specification,building 400 can be a different type of structure with a roof and walls,or can instead be a defined area that comprises multiple sub-areas,wherein at least a portion of the area and/or sub-areas is defined bysomething other than a roof and/or walls.

At least some of the rooms or areas within building 400 comprise one ormore sensor devices 201 and/or one or more actor devices 203. The sensordevices and actor devices provide at least some of the functionalitydescribed earlier (e.g., motion-detection, lighting, etc.). As can beseen in FIG. 4, the sensor devices are actor devices are situatedthroughout building 400 and the surrounding environment. As a result,and in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the presentinvention, system controller 202 is capable of taking advantage ofvarious combinations of sensor devices and actor devices such as thefollowing, either individually or in any combination, and withoutlimitation:

-   -   i. one or more sensor devices from a first area (e.g., outside,        master bathroom, kitchen, etc.) or set of areas affecting one or        more actor devices in a second area (e.g., kitchen, master        bedroom, front hallway, etc.) or set of areas.    -   ii. one or more sensor devices of a first type (e.g., rain        sensor, motion detector, light detector, etc.) or set of types        affecting one or more actor devices of a second type (e.g.,        security alarm, temperature regulator (HVAC), light bulb, etc.)        or set of types.    -   iii. a first number of sensor devices affecting a second number        of actor devices.    -   iv. a single sensor device (e.g., rain sensor, motion detector,        light detector, etc.) being used to generate a first decision of        type of decision, infer a first activity, affect a first type of        actor device, and/or affect a first number of actor devices,        while multiple sensor devices (e.g., rain sensors, a rain sensor        and a motion detector, etc.) are used to generate a second        decision or type of decision, infer a second activity, affect a        second type of actor device, and/or affect a second number of        actor devices. The particular set of sensor devices that is used        (e.g., set of a single sensor, set of multiple sensors, set of a        particular combination of sensors, etc.) can be optionally based        on a representation of a state of building 400 and/or on one or        more environmental factors.

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisspecification, system controller 202 does not have to be physicallypresent within the building. The functions performed by illustrativecontroller 202 can, in fact, be executed anywhere. For example andwithout limitation, the functions can be executed in “the Cloud,” inwhich case the sensor and actor devices connect to the Cloud, eitherdirectly or via a home-to-cloud gateway. In other words, systemcontroller 202 can be virtualized or located somewhere else other thanin building 400.

FIG. 5 depicts some salient operations of method 500 according to anillustrative embodiment of the present invention. System controller 202is the entity within illustrative home automation system 200 thatexecutes and coordinates the operations of method 500. For thepedagogical purposes, system controller 202 operates within building400, as well as sensor devices 201-1 through 201-M and actor devices203-1 through 203-N. As those who are skilled in the art will appreciatehowever, after reading this specification, the operations describedherein can be applied to a setting different than that of building 400.

In regard to method 500, it will be clear to those having ordinary skillin the art, after reading the present disclosure, how to make and usealternative embodiments of method 500 wherein the recited operations andsub-operations are differently sequenced, grouped, or sub-divided—allwithin the scope of the present invention. It will be further clear tothose skilled in the art, after reading the present disclosure, how tomake and use alternative embodiments of method 500 wherein some of therecited operations and sub-operations are optional, are omitted, or areexecuted by other elements and/or systems.

At operation 501, system controller 202 receives signals having inputsignal values, from one or more sensor devices 201-1 through 201-M.Operation 501 is described below and in FIG. 6.

At operation 503, system controller 202 generates one or more resultsbased on i) the one or more signals received at operation 501 and/or ii)one or more memorized states of at least one processing event and/oriii) environmental information. Operation 503 is described below and inFIG. 7.

At operation 505, system controller 202 transmits one or more signals toone or more actor devices 203-1 through 203-N, based at least in part onat least some of the results generated at operation 503. Operation 505is described below and in FIG. 8.

FIG. 6 depicts some salient sub-operations within operation 501. Atoperation 601, controller 202 receives signals from each of sensordevices 201-1 through 201-M associated with building 400. In someembodiments of the present invention, controller 202 receives, from thesensor devices, the state or states being reported by each of the sensordevices and conveyed by values of input signals received by controller202. Each input signal value received from each sensor device is ofplurality of possible input signal values for that device. The pluralityof input signal values for a first sensor device and the plurality ofinput signal values for a second sensor device can be independent ofeach other, dependent on each other, one dependent on the other,mutually exclusive, overlapping, identical, or of any other type ofrelationship.

At operation 603, system controller 202 receives or accessesenvironmental information, as described below and in FIG. 7.

FIG. 7 depicts some salient sub-operations within operation 503. As partof the operations of FIG. 7, system controller 202 generates one or moreresults based on one or more of the following, in any combination:

-   -   i. the one or more input signal values received at operation        501.    -   ii. one or more memorized states of at least one processing        event. The concept of a memorized state of a processing event        was discussed above and in regard to processor 301 in FIG. 3.    -   iii. environmental information.

At operation 701, using one or both of i) the values of the inputsignals received from sensor devices 201-1 through 201-M and ii) thememorized states of one or more processing events, controller 202generates a representation (e.g., a “map”, etc.) of the state ofbuilding 400. The state of building 400 is characterized by anythingthat is directly detected (e.g., sensed, etc.) by sensor devices 201-1through 201-M associated with the building, in combination with thememorized states of one or more processing events. The state of thebuilding can be characterized by one or more detections made by eachindividual device, or by a combination of devices, or both, taking intoaccount the memorized states of one or more processing events. Therepresentation includes information such as, and without limitation, oneor more of the following:

-   -   i. whether people are present in the building (e.g., sensors        detecting motion within the past 30 minutes during the waking        hours, infrared sensors detecting certain heat signatures during        the nighttime hours, etc.);    -   ii. whether pets are present in the building (e.g., microphones        detecting a dog barking within the past 30 minutes, etc.);    -   iii. what is the location of people within the building (e.g., a        sensor device worn by a person that reports its current        location, etc.);    -   iv. which household systems are on (e.g., a system reports        directly to the system controller, a sensor detecting the        physical condition affected by a system, etc.);    -   v. which appliances are on (e.g., smart plug sensors detecting        electrical current above a particular threshold, etc.);    -   vi. the location of people relative to the operating household        systems and appliances (e.g., smart plug sensors detecting        electrical current above a particular threshold and sensors        detecting motion, etc.);    -   vii. the status of the electricity and/or fuel supply (e.g.,        natural gas, propane, heating oil, etc.) to the building;    -   viii. the temperatures inside and outside of the building;    -   ix. whether it is light or dark outside of the house.

In some embodiments of the present invention, but not all, systemcontroller 202 also uses environmental information to generate therepresentation of the state of building 400. Environmental informationincludes, without limitation, one or more of the following:

i. the geo-location of building 400 or of a room/area with the building;

ii. the current time of day and/or other calendrical time information;

iii. one or more weather conditions;

iv. the calendars of one or more residents/occupants of building 400.

At operation 703, system controller 202 generates one or more decisionsbased on the representation of a state of building 400. By consideringthe state representation of building 400 generated above, systemcontroller 202 develops context awareness, which the controller uses inconjunction with various “reasoning” algorithms that are known in theart, in order to generate the decisions and to orchestrate variousactivities throughout building 400. A generated decision can be used byone or more of actor devices 203-1 through 203-N, as described below,and can include one or more of the following, for example and withoutlimitation:

-   -   i. turn one or more lights on or off;    -   ii. increase or decrease the temperature in a particular room or        set of rooms;    -   iii. activate or deactivate a security alarm;    -   iv. open or close one or more doors, windows, and/or shades;    -   v. dispense a portion of pet food;    -   vi. turn one or more household systems on or off;    -   vii. turn one or more appliances on or off;    -   viii. send one or more messages to one or more recipients        indicating the status of one or more systems of the building,        including the fuel supply (e.g., natural gas, propane, heating        oil, etc.).

In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention,system controller 202 receives and processes information from “dumb”sensor devices that do not process any information and merely report astate of the physical condition being monitored, such as a temperaturesensor reporting the temperature it is sensing and so on. In someembodiments of the present invention, however, system controller 202also accepts and processes signals transmitted by “smart” sensors. Forexample, in a Z-Wave™-based system, there are no dumb sensor devices; aZ-Wave™ thermostat device i) measures temperature and additionally,based on the thermostat's set point, ii) takes some action bytransmitting a command. But the Z-Wave™ sensor device also transmits theraw temperature readings, in addition to the higher-level command.

Furthermore, based on the state representation of building 400determined at operation 701, system controller 202 can i) merely use theraw data and ignore the transmitted higher-level set point data orcommand, ii) use only the set point/command, or iii) use both the rawdata and the set point/command, depending on the conditional logicprogrammed. Controller 202 can select which level of information to usefrom a given sensor device, for updating the state representation ofbuilding 400, in performing one or more of the operations subsequentlydescribed, or both.

At operation 705, system controller 202 infers, or deduces, one or moreactivities or events at the building (i.e., inside and/or outside),based on one or more of i) the signals received from sensor devices201-1 through 201-M, ii) one or more memorized states of at least oneprocessing event, and iii) environmental information, in any combinationthereof. The activities that can be inferred, as well as the sensorsignals and/or states with which each activity is inferred, are asfollows, for example and without limitation:

-   -   i. who is present. For example, John typically uses the garage        door in the evening, and the motion sensor nearest the garage        detects someone entering at 9 pm. Based on this information,        with or without additional information, system controller 202        might infer that John is now present. As another example, a        particular mobile station or other personal device that has been        previously associated with John is detected (e.g., by detecting        a MAC address of the device's WiFi and/or Bluetooth radio,        etc.); from this, controller 202 might infer that John is        present.    -   ii. who will be present in the future. For example, some        privately shared information can be accessed (e.g., via the        Internet), such as a) a pattern of movement of a particular        vehicle through an Internet service such as Google Lattitude™ or        Glympse™ (possibly tagged with the message “driving home with        the kids”) or b) even some more detailed information (e.g., the        navigation computer in Jane's car has been set up to guide home        and has calculated it will reach the home location in two        hours). The information access can be in either “pull” (i.e.,        the controller 202 polls the info) or “push” (i.e., the computer        in Jane's car notifies the home it is driving to). From this        information, system controller 202 might infer that Jane will be        home later.    -   iii. what people are doing. For example, the light sensor in the        bathroom detects light, and water (or the flow of water) is        detected in the bathtub. Based on this information, with or        without additional information, system controller 202 might        infer that someone is taking a bath.    -   iv. what people will be doing in the future. For example, it is        sometime after 6 am on a workday and motion is detected in the        master bedroom. Based on this information, with or without        additional information, system controller 202 might infer that        someone will be preparing to go to work.    -   v. which appliances will be used in the future. For example, it        is sometime between 6 am and 8 am on a workday and motion is        detected in the kitchen. Based on this information, with or        without additional information, system controller 202 might        infer that the coffee maker will be used.    -   vi. whether a system needs to be activated. For example, it is        7:30 am on a workday, the outside temperature is sensed as being        −20° C., and motion is sensed as heading into the front hallway        toward the door. Based on this information, with or without        additional information, system controller 202 might infer that        John's car should be remotely started.

The activity or activities inferred by system controller 202 can behuman or non-human activities (i.e., activities in which a human does ordoes not participate in); the human activity can involve waking, eating,bathing, sleeping, and so on. In some situations, the inferring of theactivity occurs independently of the current time of day and/or otherenvironmental condition(s), while in other situations the inferringrelies in part on knowing the time of day and/or other environmentalcondition(s) (e.g., for context purposes, etc.).

In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention,system controller 202 infers one or more activities as follows. First,controller 202 generates one or more predefined patterns of data thatrepresent candidate activities. The predefined patterns (i.e.,“candidate patterns”) correspond to activities such as waking, eating,bathing, sleeping, and so on, without limitation. System controller 202uses machine-learning techniques that are well known in the art togenerate each candidate pattern. It will be clear to those havingordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, how tomake and use alternative embodiments wherein other techniques generatethe candidate patterns, or wherein a combination of machine learning andother techniques is used. The candidate patterns are generated whenprocessing for system controller 202 is initialized, and they can beupdated based in part on learning over time the patterns of one or morepeople living in, or otherwise occupying, building 400.

Second, controller 202 generates one or more occurring data patterns,based at least in part on the sensor signals received from the sensordevices and the memorized states of one or more processing events. Thecharacteristics of the generated patterns can be based on variousattributes surrounding the candidate activities being considered. Theset of sensor data to be used in determining the one or more patternscan vary, in terms of time (e.g., the past 15 minutes, the last hour,etc.) and/or in terms of the sensor devices involved with respect torooms (e.g., master bedroom and bathroom, the entire inside of thehouse, etc.) and/or in terms of the types of sensor devices involved(e.g., motion sensors only, motion sensors and light sensors, allsensors, etc.), for example and without limitation. Additional examplesare provided below.

After the proper attributes, the set of sensor data to be used, andother relevant considerations are defined for a particular type ofcandidate activity or activities being considered, controller 202 usesmachine-learning techniques that are well known in the art to generateeach occurring data pattern. It will be clear to those having ordinaryskill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, how to make anduse alternative embodiments wherein other techniques generate thepatterns, or wherein a combination of machine learning and othertechniques is used.

Third, controller 202 measures how precisely each generated pattern ofoccurring data matches one or more of the predefined, candidatepatterns. Controller 202 compares one pattern to another and evaluates aproper measure of preciseness between them, in well-known fashion.

Fourth, based on the preceding measures of preciseness, controller 202determines a relationship, if any, as between each generated pattern andone or more activities and, as a result, infers one or more activitiesthat are or are not occurring. For example, by considering therespective measures of preciseness between each generated pattern beingevaluated and the candidate patterns that represent candidateactivities, it might be inferred that a person in building 400 is, inall likelihood, i) preparing breakfast, while the same person isprobably ii) reviewing a work presentation, but the same person is mostlikely iii) not doing the laundry (because it appears that a secondperson is).

As discussed above, the inferring can be based on various sensor data(e.g., current input signal values received, etc.) in the context ofinternal memorized states of one or more processing events. In somesituations, for example, the inferring relies on one or moremotion-detection sensor devices, wherein the signals received from thesensor devices and relied upon convey whether motion is detected or notin the proximity of the sensor device. The activity that is inferred canbe based on tracking the frequency at which each sensor device detectsmotion and comparing a corresponding, generated pattern to one or morecandidate patterns characterized by the frequency-related attribute.Illustratively, when motion is sensed in quick succession in certainrooms of the house in mid-afternoon, the inferred activity might be thatchildren are playing; on the other hand, when motion is sensed in slowsuccession in those rooms at 10:00 pm, the activity inferred might bethat adults are walking around.

Within the scope of inferring, system controller 202 is capable ofderiving one or more events, which might reflect internal or virtualstates of the controller. For example, controller 202 is capable ofinferring internally a “nighttime” event as occurring. The nighttimeevent triggers many system-wide actions such as turning off devices,setting up the HVAC system to night mode, and so on. The nighttime eventis generated internally based on higher order digital filters beingapplied to multiple sensor devices, usually motion-sensor devices, inthe following manner. Controller 202 observes the frequency/patterns ofmotion sensor detections. If the detections slowly decrease to zerobetween 9:00 pm and 1:00 am, controller 202 decides that the residentshave gone to sleep and generates the nighttime virtual event to switchbuilding 400 into the night mode.

A similar procedure is executed in the morning. Slowly waking up, aresident starts tripping a motion sensor in the sleeping room, then getsout of bed, and walks to a bathroom, tripping more and more motionsensors. If the motion activity reaches a predetermined threshold,system controller 202 infers a “daytime” event as occurring, and varioussystems within building 400 “wake up”: a coffeemaker brews coffee,lights switch from a calm/night mood to a morning/energetic mood, aradio tunes to a radio station, and so on.

The activity that is inferred can also be based on which of multipleranges of times currently applies (e.g., 5:00 am to 8:00 am [wakinghours], 11:00 am to 1:00 pm [lunch hours], 6:00 pm to 9:00 pm [dinnerhours], 10:00 pm to 1:00 am [retiring hours]). For example, if there ismotion detected in the kitchen at 7:00 am, then the activity inferredmight be breakfast preparation; on the other hand, if there is motiondetected in the kitchen at 1:00 am, then someone might be getting aglass of water.

The activity that is inferred can also be based on tracking the relativetimes at which i) the first sensor device detects motion in a first areaof the building and ii) the second sensor device detects motion in asecond area of the building. For example, if there is motion detectedfirst in the bedroom, then bathroom, then the kitchen, the activityinferred might be preparing for the day ahead; on the other hand, ifthere is motion detected first in the living area, then kitchen, theactivity inferred might be getting a snack to bring back into the livingarea.

The activity inferred can be something other than an activity occurringat a sensed position and time by a motion sensor in the particular roomor area. For example, motion sensor devices have been traditionallyassociated with burglar alarm systems, and they detect that a burglar isbreaking into a particular room and at a particular time. In contrast,system controller 202 can use the signals from motion sensor devices inother “automation domains”, such as turning on a coffee maker in thekitchen at 7:30 am when motion is detected in the bedroom at 7:00 am,because the inferred activity is workday preparation.

In some embodiments of the present invention, system controller 202infers one or more activities at the building that are not occurring,based on a combination of the signals received from sensor devices 201-1through 201-M. For example, it is sometime between 6:00 am and 8:00 amon a workday and motion is detected in the kitchen in a home with asingle resident. Based on this information in the example, with orwithout additional information, system controller 202 might infer thatthe bedroom will not be occupied in the future and might takeappropriate action (e.g., turn down the heat in the bedroom, etc.).

At operation 707, system controller 202 anticipates one or more eventsthat affect building 400, based on one or more of i) the signalsreceived from sensor devices 201-1 through 201-M, ii) one or morememorized states of at least one processing event, and iii)environmental information, in any combination thereof. System controller202 uses the signals received from a sensor source (e.g., physicalsensor device, virtual sensor, etc.), in which the signals convey aprediction (e.g., forecast, etc.) of a future condition that is relevantto building 400. Such a source can be, for example and withoutlimitation, a weather-forecasting web service, and such a futurecondition can be, for example and without limitation, futuretemperature, future air quality, future cloud cover, futureprecipitation, and so on.

In a particular example, system controller 202 executes a thermostaticalgorithm that runs a heating system control, which is influenced by thepredicted temperature received from the web-based “sensor.” This isparticularly advantageous if there is a long lag in building 400'sheating system, in which an event such as an extreme change in weathershould be anticipated for optimal HVAC control. Anticipating a futureoutside temperature can reduce energy consumption by timing the heatingin an optimal manner. Conversely, without anticipating such events, theheating system might not operate when needed and might operate when nolonger needed, possibly resulting in undesirable oscillations. In someembodiments of the present invention, controller 202 controls theheating system based on the current outside temperature as monitored bya sensor device outside of building 400, instead of or in addition tobasing the control on the future outside temperature.

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisspecification, system controller 202 can use any predicted state (e.g.,future temperature, future air quality, future cloud cover, futureprecipitation, etc.) that is received from one or more sensor devices orsources (virtual or otherwise), in order to anticipate one or moreevents and, accordingly, to affect one or more actor devices.Furthermore, controller 202 can use i) one or more such sources ofpredictions with ii) one or more sensor devices that provide stateinformation of current conditions, in any combination.

As those who are skilled in the art will appreciate, after reading thisspecification, system controller 202 can anticipate something byinferring that it will happen, in at least some instances.

At operation 709, system controller 202 selects at least one of a groupof actor devices that includes i) an actor device configured to performa first function (e.g., sounding a security alarm, etc.) and ii) anactor device configured to perform a second function (e.g., regulatingair temperature, something unrelated to security, etc.). Controller 202selects the actor device or devices based on one or more of i) thesignals received from sensor devices 201-1 through 201-M, ii) one ormore memorized states of at least one processing event, and iii)environmental information, in any combination thereof. In someembodiments, controller 202 selects the actor device or devices based onthe representation of the state of the building determined at operation701.

In some embodiments, system controller 202 can refrain from processingin a traditional way the signals received from a particular sensordevice. For example, in an exercise room in building 400, the residentmight want the room a little on the warm side when he starts exercising,but then will want the room to cool down after having exercising forseveral minutes. Motion sensors can detect activity in the room andcontroller 202 can instruct a heating system actor device to lower thetemperature based on the sensors detecting exercise activity. Moresignificantly, controller 202 is also refraining from instructing asecurity system actor device to sound an alarm. In some otherembodiments, controller 202 might also be disregarding a higher-levelsignal being received from the motion sensor that conveys an instructionto sound an alarm, choosing only to use the raw motion detection data.

The foregoing example involving motion detection is related to theconvergence of vertical services, in particular the convergence of asecurity alarm system and a heating system. There are several“automation domains” within a home such as heating, media control,presence, alarm systems, and so on. Traditionally, they have beenseparate systems, so when the residents of a home went on vacation, theyneeded to adjust individual systems (e.g., timers, etc.) separately. Inaccordance with the illustrative system controller, the separatesubsystems converge into a single, multi-domain control system.Specifically regarding motion sensors, they have been traditionallyassociated with burglar alarm systems and, consequently, they are usedonly when the alarm system is armed. System controller 202, however,uses motion sensors for other automation domains, such as regulating theair temperature in a room and refraining from sounding a security alarm,as in the foregoing example.

At operation 711, system controller 202 generates one or more messagesdesignated for one or more actor devices associated with building 400,wherein at least some of the messages generated are based on the resultsgenerated in one or more of the afore-described operations in FIG. 7.

FIG. 8 depicts some salient sub-operations within operation 505. Atoperation 801, system controller 202 transmits one or more messages, orsignals that are based on the one or more messages, to one or more actordevices associated with building 400, based on one or more of theresults generated at operation 503. The transmission can be based on oneor more of the following, either individually or in any combination,without limitation:

-   -   i. the representation or representations of one or more building        states, as generated at operation 701.    -   ii. the one or more decisions generated at operation 703.    -   iii. the one or more activities inferred at operation 705.    -   iv. the one or more events anticipated at operation 707.

System controller 202 uses foregoing items listed, in order to determinethe following, either individually or in any combination, withoutlimitation:

i. whether to transmit at all.

ii. which messages to transmit.

iii. which actor devices are to get which messages.

At operation 801, control of execution returns to operation 501.

It is to be understood that the disclosure teaches just one set ofexamples of the illustrative embodiment and that many variations of theinvention can easily be devised by those skilled in the art afterreading this disclosure and that the scope of the present invention isto be determined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for controlling automation of a buildingcomprising: receiving, by a system controller device, one or more signalvalues from each of a plurality of sensor devices associated with thebuilding, including a surrounding environment thereof, wherein theplurality of sensor devices comprises at least a first sensor device,and wherein the received signal values comprise: a) a first input signalvalue received from the first sensor device, wherein the first inputsignal value of the first sensor device is of a first plurality ofpossible input signal values and is representative of raw data generatedby the first sensor device in response to sensing a first physicalcondition, and b) a command received from the first sensor device;generating, by the system controller device, a state representation ofthe building based on a memorized state of at least one processingevent; selecting, by the system controller device, one of: i) the firstinput signal value received from the first sensor device, ii) thecommand received from the first sensor device, and iii) both the firstinput signal value received from and the command received from the firstsensor device, as decision information, based on the staterepresentation of the building; generating, by the system controllerdevice: a) a first decision, of a plurality of decisions, wherein thefirst decision is based on the selected decision information, and b) afirst message designated for a first actor device associated with thebuilding, wherein the first message is based on the first decision; andtransmitting, by the system controller device, the first message to thefirst actor device.
 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: a)receiving, by the system controller device, a second input signal valuefrom the first sensor device, wherein the second input signal value isof the first plurality of possible input signal values; b) generating,by the system controller device: i) a second decision, of the pluralityof decisions, wherein the second decision is based on the second inputsignal value from the first sensor device, and ii) a second messagedesignated for one of a plurality of actor devices that comprises thefirst actor device, wherein the second message is based on the seconddecision; and c) transmitting, by the system controller device, thesecond message to the one of a plurality of actor devices.
 3. The methodof claim 1 wherein the first actor device is one of a plurality of actordevices, and wherein the first message is selectively designated for thefirst actor device, rather than for a different actor device in theplurality of actor devices, the selection of the first actor devicebeing based on the first decision.
 4. The method of claim 1 furthercomprising providing a user interface for enabling a user to define anassociation between i) the first sensor device and ii) one of aplurality of actor devices that comprises the first actor device.
 5. Themethod of claim 4 wherein, as a consequence of the defined association,a change in input signal value of the first sensor device causes theprocessor to generate a second decision that affects the associatedactor device.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: selecting,by the system controller device, one of i) an actor device configured toperform a first function and ii) an actor device configured to perform asecond function, based on the first decision, resulting in a selectedactor device; and transmitting, by the system controller device, asecond message to the selected actor device.
 7. The method of claim 6wherein the first sensor device is configured to detect motion, thefirst function comprises sounding a security alarm, and the secondfunction is unrelated to security, and further comprising refrainingfrom performing the first function based on the first decision.
 8. Themethod of claim 1 wherein the memorized state of at least one processingevent is based on a predetermined sequence of processing havingoccurred.
 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the memorized state of atleast one processing event is based on a predetermined processing eventhaving occurred within a predetermined time interval.
 10. The method ofclaim 1 wherein the first decision is further based on environmentalinformation.
 11. A building automation controller comprising: a receiverconfigured to receive one or more signal values from each of a pluralityof sensor devices associated with a building, including a surroundingenvironment thereof, wherein the plurality of sensor devices comprisesat least a first sensor device, and wherein the received signal valuescomprise: a) a first input signal value received from the first sensordevice, wherein the first input signal value of the first sensor deviceis of a first plurality of possible input signal values and isrepresentative of raw data generated by the first sensor device inresponse to sensing a first physical condition, and b) a commandreceived from the first sensor device; a processor configured to: a)generate a state representation of the building based on a memorizedstate of at least one processing event; b) select one of: i) the firstinput signal value received from the first sensor device, ii) thecommand received from the first sensor device, and iii) both the firstinput signal value received from and the command received from the firstsensor device, as decision information, based on the staterepresentation of the building, and c) generate: i) a first decision, ofa plurality of decisions, wherein the first decision is based on theselected decision information, and ii) a first message designated for afirst actor device associated with the building, wherein the firstmessage is based on the first decision; and a transmitter configured totransmit the first message to the first actor device.
 12. The controllerof claim 11, wherein: a) the receiver is further configured to receive asecond input signal value from the first sensor device, wherein thesecond input signal value is of the first plurality of possible inputsignal values; b) the processor is further configured to generate: i) asecond decision, of the plurality of decisions, wherein the seconddecision is based on the second input signal value from the first sensordevice, and ii) a second message designated for one of a plurality ofactor devices that comprises the first actor device, wherein the secondmessage is based on the second decision; and c) the transmitter isfurther configured to generate the second message to the one of aplurality of actor devices.
 13. The controller of claim 11 wherein thefirst actor device is one of a plurality of actor devices, and whereinthe first message is selectively designated for the first actor device,rather than for a different actor device in the plurality of actordevices, the selection of the first actor device being based on thefirst decision.
 14. The controller of claim 11 further comprising a userinterface for enabling a user to define an association between i) thefirst sensor device and ii) one of a plurality of actor devices thatcomprises the first actor device.
 15. The controller of claim 14wherein, as a consequence of the defined association, a change in inputsignal value of the first sensor device causes the processor to generatea second decision that affects the associated actor device.
 16. Thecontroller of claim 11, wherein: the processor is further configured toselect one of i) an actor device configured to perform a first functionand ii) an actor device configured to perform a second function, basedon the first decision, resulting in a selected actor device; and thetransmitter is further configured to transmit a second message to theselected actor device.
 17. The controller of claim 16 wherein the firstsensor device is configured to detect motion, the first functioncomprises sounding a security alarm, and the second function isunrelated to security, and wherein the processor is further configuredto refrain from performing the first function based on the firstdecision.
 18. The controller of claim 11 wherein the memorized state ofat least one processing event is based on a predetermined sequence ofprocessing having occurred.
 19. The controller of claim 11 wherein thememorized state of at least one processing event is based on apredetermined processing event having occurred within a predeterminedtime interval.
 20. The controller of claim 11 wherein the first decisionis further based on environmental information.
 21. A building automationsystem comprising: a first sensor device that is configured to monitor afirst physical condition and to transmit wirelessly i) input signalvalues that are based on the first physical condition being monitoredand ii) a command that is based on a predetermined set point, whereinthe first sensor device is associated with a building, including asurrounding environment thereof; and a controller that is configured: a)to receive wirelessly i) the input signal values from the first sensordevice, wherein the received input signal values comprise a input signalvalue received from the first sensor device, wherein the input signalvalue of the first sensor device is of a plurality of possible inputsignal values, and ii) the command from the first sensor device, b) togenerate a state representation of the building based on a memorizedstate of at least one processing event; c) to select one of: i) thefirst input signal value received from the first sensor device, ii) thecommand received from the first sensor device, and iii) both the firstinput signal value received from and the command received from the firstsensor device, as decision information, based on the staterepresentation of the building, d) to generate a first decision, of aplurality of decisions, wherein the first decision is based on theselected decision information, and e) to transmit a first message,wherein the first message is based on the first decision.
 22. The systemof claim 21, further comprising: a second sensor device that isconfigured to monitor a second physical condition and to transmitwirelessly input signal values that are based on the second physicalcondition being monitored; wherein the controller is further configuredto receive wirelessly the input signal values from the second sensordevice, wherein the received input signal values comprise a input signalvalue received from the second sensor device; and wherein the firstdecision is further based on the input signal value from the secondsensor device.
 23. The system of claim 21 further comprising a firstactor device that is configured to receive the first message, whereinthe first actor device is one of a plurality of actor devices, andwherein the first message is selectively designated for the first actordevice, rather than for a different actor device in the plurality ofactor devices, the selection of the first actor device being based onthe first decision.
 24. The system of claim 23 further comprising a userinterface for enabling a user to define an association between the firstsensor device and the first actor device.
 25. The system of claim 24wherein, as a consequence of the defined association, a change in inputsignal value of the first sensor device causes the controller togenerate a second decision that affects the first actor device.
 26. Thesystem of claim 21, wherein: the controller is further configured toselect one of i) an actor device configured to perform a first functionand ii) an actor device configured to perform a second function, basedon the first decision, resulting in a selected actor device; and thecontroller is further configured to transmit a second message to theselected actor device.
 27. The system of claim 26 wherein the firstsensor device is further configured to detect motion, the first functioncomprises sounding a security alarm, and the second function isunrelated to security, and wherein the controller is further configuredto refrain from performing the first function based on the firstdecision.